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Finance Archive

Finance Lab

A formula is not a fact. It is a decision.

Each experiment walks the same six stages: read the formula, understand what it claims, manipulate the variables, observe the sensitivity, solve for a target, then apply it to a decision.

Investments

Bond pricing and yield

P = Σ [C ÷ (1 + y)ᵗ] + F ÷ (1 + y)ⁿ

A bond's price is the present value of its coupons and its face value, discounted at the yield the market demands.

What each symbol means

Face value
Amount repaid at maturity.
Coupon rate
Annual coupon as a share of face value.
Yield to maturity
Return the market demands.
Years to maturity
Time until the face value is repaid.